Terms Starting with B

A balance sheet is a financial statement that summarizes a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time, providing a snapshot of its financial condition.

The Balanced Scorecard is a strategic planning and management system used to align business activities with the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external communications, and monitor organizational performance against strategic goals.

Bank Identification Numbers (BIN) are the initial four to six digits on a credit, debit, or other payment card, which identify the institution that issued the card.

Bankruptcy is a legal process through which individuals or businesses unable to meet their financial obligations can seek relief from some or all of their debts.

Bayes' Theorem is a mathematical formula used to update the probability estimate for an event based on new evidence.

A bear market refers to a period in which stock prices fall by 20% or more from recent highs, typically leading to widespread pessimism and negative investor sentiment.

Berkshire Hathaway is a multinational conglomerate holding company headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska, known for its long-term investment strategy and its chairman, Warren Buffett.

Bernie Madoff was an American financier who orchestrated the largest Ponzi scheme in history, defrauding thousands of investors of billions of dollars.

Beta is a measure of a stock's volatility in relation to the overall market.

A bill of lading is a legal document issued by a carrier to a shipper, detailing the type, quantity, and destination of the goods being carried.

Bitcoin mining is the process by which new bitcoins are entered into circulation and transactions are confirmed on the blockchain, using computational power to solve complex mathematical problems.

Blockchain is a decentralized digital ledger that records transactions across multiple computers in a way that ensures security and transparency.

Bollinger Bands are a technical analysis tool used to determine overbought or oversold conditions in a market. They consist of a middle band being a simple moving average, flanked by two standard deviation lines.

A bond is a fixed income instrument that represents a loan made by an investor to a borrower, typically corporate or governmental.

Break-even analysis is a financial calculation used to determine the point at which revenue received equals the costs associated with receiving the revenue, indicating no net loss or gain.

Brexit refers to the United Kingdom's decision to leave the European Union, which was finalized on January 31, 2020.

Brexit refers to the United Kingdom's decision to leave the European Union, which has significant implications for financial markets and economies both in the UK and globally.

A budget is a financial plan that outlines expected income and expenses over a specific period, helping individuals or organizations manage their money effectively.

A budget deficit occurs when a government spends more money than it receives in revenue over a specific period, typically a fiscal year.

A bull market refers to a financial market condition where prices are rising or are expected to rise.

The business cycle refers to the fluctuations in economic activity that an economy experiences over a period of time, typically characterized by phases of expansion, peak, contraction, and trough.

Business ethics refers to the moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business.

A business model outlines how a company creates, delivers, and captures value, in economic, social, or other contexts.

Business valuation is the process of determining the economic value of a business or company unit. It uses financial analysis, market trends, and asset values to estimate the worth of the business.

Business-to-consumer (B2C) refers to the process where businesses sell products or services directly to consumers, bypassing any intermediary.